Subchondral insufficiency fracture with rapid collapse of the femoral head in a patient with Turner's syndrome.

1. Clements PJ, Lachenbruch PA, Seibold JR et al. Skin thickness score in systemic sclerosis: an assessment of interobserver variability in 3 independent studies. J Rheumatol 1993;20:1892–6. 2. Asano Y, Ihn H, Yamane K, Kubo M, Tamaki K. Impaired Smad7Smurf-mediated negative regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)signaling in scleroderma fibroblasts. J Clin Invest 2004; 113:253–64. 3. Kawakami T, Ihn H, Xu W, Smith E, LeRoy C, Trojanowska M. Increased expression of TGFreceptors by scleroderma fibroblasts: evidence for contribution of autocrine TGFsignaling to scleroderma phenotype. J Invest Dermatol 1998;110:47–51. 4. Ihn H, Yamane K, Kubo M, Tamaki K. Blockade of endogenous transforming growth factorsignaling prevents up-regulated collagen synthesis in scleroderma fibroblasts. Association with increased expression of transforming growth factorreceptors. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:474–80. 5. Boletis JN, Aloannidis JP, Boki KA, Moutsopoulos HM. Intravenous immunoglobulin compared with cyclophosphamide for proliferative lupus nephritis. Lancet 1999;354:569–70. 6. Cherin P, Herson S, Wechsler B et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin for polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Lancet 1990;336:116. 7. Levy Y, Sherer Y, Langevitz P et al. Skin score decrease in systemic sclerosis patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin – a preliminary report. Clin Rheumatol 2000;19:207–11. 8. Ballow M. Mechanisms of action of intravenous immune serum globulin in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;100:151–7.